Distance
Speed
Time

One of the most basic calculations is Distance / Speed / Time. Most of us are familiar with the navigator's home address - 60 D St.

Click here for a simple calculator

Distance
To
Horizon

Beaufort
Wind
Scale

This handy chart outlines Francis Beaufort's famous chart of wind forces and how they appear to sailors.

Click here for the Beaufort Wind Scale.

Mayday Call
Format

Phonetic
Alphabet

Often, it can be quite difficult to make out a voice message due to interference or static. In such situations, a backup plan is to spell the message. Because some letters sound similar, a phonetic alphabet was developed.

Click here a chart of the Phonetic Alphabet along with the Morse Code equivalents for each letter.

International
Flag Signals

Before the advent of radios, flags were used to communicate. Over time, a very specific pattern of flags was developed and remain in widespread use today.

Click here for a chart showing the International Code Flags.

Excellent Weather Course From Environment Canada

Environment Canada has written an excellent publication on weather. Serge Besner, the Project Manager, has provided the files to us and they are certainly worth downloading.

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Glossary

In addition, Environment Canada publishes an excellent book about weather on the Great Lakes. Entitled Wind, Weather & Waves, it can be found here at Wind Weather Waves

SAIL
PLAN

A sail plan is a voyage itinerary that includes a description of your boat and travel route. Sail plans are also referred to as trip or float plans. And, they are vital.

At a minimum, they give Search & Rescue units basic information that can be used to find you in an emergency.

Used well, they can be an excellent planning tool. Here are two - 1 from the US Coast Guard and 1 from Transport Canada (Part 1 & Part 2).

The Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary - Pacific Region has an excellent powerpoint presentation on passage planning here.

Compass
Calculations
TVMDC

A basic rule is that all directions should be shown in True degrees. As you convert from Compass to Magnetic to True degrees, each step will require you to either add or subtract the appropriate value.

Going from True to Magnetic to Compass bearings, ADD west corrections and SUBTRACT east corrections.

Going from Compass to Magnetic to True bearings, SUBTRACT west corrections and ADD east corrections.

Click here for the calculation and some examples.

Chart 1

United States
Canada
UK Admiralty

There is a standardized set of symbols that are used on navigation charts. It is not really possible to memorize them all but it is clearly useful to know the most common ones. The symbols are listed in Chart 1 (both Canada and the United States have a Chart 1) as well as the British Admiralty Chart 5011.

You can buy them elsewhere or you can click here for a free downloadable copy:

• US Chart 1
• Canada Chart 1
• Admiralty Chart 5011

Weather
Fronts

Weather fronts - whether warm or cold fronts - give all kinds of clues and hints as to what is happening AND what is likely to happen. This illustration of fronts will clearly show you what you can expect.

Ship's
Medical
Guides
.
United States
United Kingdom

A medical emergency on board can threaten the best-laid cruising plan. These two guides were developed for merchant sailors and cover far more than the average cruiser would likely ever need. But - they are authoritative and comprehensive. You can find the UK Guide here and the US Guide here.

Dealing

With

SEASICKNESS

As long as people have sailed, there are those who will feel the debilitating effects of seasickness. And equally as long, there have been efforts to find a way to deal with it.

This article is an effort to gather in one place some recognized suggestions for dealing with this malady.

Provisioning
Spreadsheet

Proper provisioning is as important as any other task and getting it right can take a fair bit of time.

This spreadsheet calculates how many of every item you need to buy, taking into account how many items you already have on hand. You can sort it to create a shopping list and print that shopping list out if you have access to a printer.

Make sure you download the pdf file with the instructions.

Provisioning Spreadsheet

Directions pdf

NOTE: This file is a .zip file. It should open properly without any problems. If not, contact me directly using the Contact Me form on the site. I will email it directly to you.

Canada Customs

Designated Reporting Sites

There are over 200 locations in Ontario where a visiting American boat or a returning Canadian boat can report.

Reporting Sites are listed by Port and by Lake.

Museums
Around The
Great Lakes

Around the Great Lakes, we are blessed with a wide variety of museums. Here is a list, organized by lake, of some 50+ museums that can add to your appreciation of the area through which your are traveling.

Click here for the list of Great Lakes Museums

Spring
Commissioning
Checklist

Following a thorough checklist as you prepare to launch your boat after a winter layup can help ensure you don't miss anything important.

A good checklist can be found here.

Winter
Decommissioning
Checklist

BoatUS, the large US boater organization, offers an excellent winterizing checklist. Based on their extensive experience as a boat insurer, this provides a fairly comprehensive checklist.

The checklist can be found here.

Light List

UNITED STATES

This Light List contains a list of lights, sound signals, buoys, daybeacons, and other aids to navigation for the US waters of the Great Lakes.

The list can be found here.

Light List

CANADA

The Canadian Light Lists are published as individual lists for each body of water. They are listed from Lake Ontario north to Lake Superior. Individual lists are published for connecting waterways.

Lake Ontario   Welland Canal

Lake Erie        Detroit River

Lake St Clair   St Clair River

Lake Huron     Georgian Bay

North Channel St Joseph Channel

St Marys River Lake Superior

SAILING DIRECTIONS

SAILING DIRECTIONS or COAST PILOT guides are companions to charts. They provide additional information that is usually not shown on navigation charts.

U.S.government policy is that as this information was paid for by the taxpayers, its is therefore available to citizens at no charge.

Canadian government policy is that the information is paid for by taxpayers but then sold to a private firm that resells them to bookstores and chandleries. That way, citizens get to pay to see what they have paid for.

The 2016 U.S. Coast Pilot for the Great Lakes is available as a pdf here. (Its a big document!)

The 2016 Canadian Sailing Directions are only available from a re-seller. I recommend The Nautical Mind as probably the best marine book store dealer for charts and sailing directions. Their link can be found on right side of this page.

SEASICKNESS

The bane of many sailors, seasickness can have serious effects on both the individual and on the safety of the boat.

Click here for ideas on how to deal with this seriously unpleasant malady

WHERE THERE IS NO DOCTOR

This medical guide is considered by the World Health Organization to be the most widely-used health care manual in the world. It has been translated into more than 80 languages and is used by village health workers in over 100
countries.

Although designed for use in remote villages, it is an outstanding practical guide to have on board - you don't have to be in Africa to be in a situation where you are totally on your own or have someone else totally dependent on you. The section on First Aid is excellent.

Where there Is No Doctor

WHERE THERE IS NO DENTIST

A companion guide to Where There Is No Doctor, WHERE THERE IS NO DENTIST

Community health workers, educators and individuals from around the world use Where There Is No Dentist to help people care for their teeth and gums.

An excellent addition to an on-board library.

Where There Is No Dentist